Phy2049 notes from florida atlantic university calculusbased. Equipment dc power supply dcps, voltmeters, resistors, resistor boxes and variable resistors. Dc circuit basics 2 ground ground is the name given to the v0 reference point. Most students of electricity begin their study with what is known as direct current dc, which is electricity. Understanding dc circuit diagrams example question. Circuits make computers, digital cameras, and video games possible. The goal of these experiments is for the student to develop an understanding of direct current circuits consisting of batteries and resistors or other resistances. Principles with applications 7th edition answers to chapter 19 dc circuits questions page 549 1 including work step by step written by community. In this topic youll learn about the physics behind the electronic devices we use.
We will also use it to represent the implied completion of a circuit, even when we. Figure 6 dc current through an inductor es03 page 4 rev. It involves the logical application of rules and problem solving more complex circuits. Directcurrent circuits chapter 21 electric current and. This article is concerned with the analysis of simple direct current circuits of two types. In particular, if a coil rotates in the presence of a magnetic field, the induced emf varies sinusoidally with time and leads to an alternating current ac, and provides a source of ac. Resistors in circuits summary the physics hypertextbook. Dc circuits are simply those in which the current moves in one direction only thus direct current dc.
In this unit, youll learn about the physics behind the electronic devices we use. Module 1 covers the basics for circuits that include dc sources voltage or current and resistors. In circuits with elements that store energy, it is common for current and voltage to exhibit exponential increase and decay figure 6. Artificial intelligence 205 how circuits work johan dc kleer xerox parc, intelligent systems laboratory. Dc circuits mcqs with explanatory answers electrical. Several key features in each unit make this an excellent teaching tool. Module 1 covers the basics for circuits that include dc sources voltage or current. Determine if everyday objects are conductors or insulators, and take measurements with an ammeter and voltmeter. Online content can be accessed through a comprehensive table of contents, search engine, and numerous curriculum groups. When the circuit is purely resistive, everything in this module applies to both dc and ac.
Fundamentals of direct current circuits ced engineering. Phy2044 notes from florida atlantic university calculusbased electric current and dc circuits. Even though module 1 is not very difficult, it forms the foundation for more complicated topics in modules 2 and 3 so it is important to have a firm grasp of all module 1 topics before moving on. Electricity notes gcse physics this means that if you want a current to flow you must put a battery in the circuit. Direct current dc electrical circuits by ron kurtus. Equivalent to advanced placement if this is too advanced for you, you can try the more basic version here. Physicslab, online high school physics pogram and advanced placement physics program, started in 1997. This site is for the storage and showcase of work done by mr. Build circuits with batteries, resistors, light bulbs, fuses, and switches. Free practice questions for ap physics 2 understanding dc circuit diagrams. In subsequent atoms, we will study its ac behavior. Abstract this paper presents a theory of corn monsense understanding of the behavior of electronic circuits. Dc circuits may be in series, parallel or some complex combination.
Equivalent to american high school diploma if this is too basic for you, you can try the more advanced version here. In adddition to joules, watthour can also be used to measure energy. Directcurrent circuits utk department of physics and. Compare and contrast series, parallel and combination circuits. A simple dc circuit is given in below figure to make the reader get aware of dc circuit components and its parameters. Besides gaining a good feel for the fundamental concepts of circuitscurrent and potential differencethe other goal of todays lab is to become comfortable and good at. Finally, a number of important dc instruments, such as meters that measure voltage and. Fig 1 shows a simple rc circuit that employs a dc voltage. Capacitance, resistance, dc circuits 20, richard white. Of course there is danger of electrical shock when directly performing manual work on an.
Example problems problem 1 a when a potential difference of 12 v is applied to a wire of radius 0. The history of electricity starts more than two thousand years ago, with the greek philosopher thales being the earliest known researcher into electricity. Introduction to circuits and dc instruments college physics. Pdf understanding dc circuits download read online free. Tippens, professor of physics southern polytechnic state university. What are some examples of series circuits in daily life. If youre having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, wed love to hear from you. This book covers direct current dc circuit theory and is broken up into three modules.
Inductors will store energy in the form of a magnetic field. It is very important that you become familiar with the symbols that are. This law states that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the potential. All the circuit components are in line, connected by the conductor, so that all the. The sum of the currents flowing into any junction is equal to the sum of the currents flowing out. For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums. Our main goal in solving a dccircuit problem is to find the current that flows in every branch of the circuit. While dc motors require the use of brushes to make electrical contact with moving coils of wire, ac motors do not. Circuit theory i superposition the superposition principle states that the voltage across or current through an element in a linear circuit is the algebraic sum of the voltages across or currents. Dc circuits open textbook library center for open education. Science 14 lab 3 dc circuits theory all dc circuit analysis the determining of currents, voltages and resistances throughout a circuit can be done with the use of three rules. In fact, ac and dc motor designs are very similar to their.
However, strong involuntary reactions to shocks in this range may lead to injuries. Introduction to circuits and dc instruments physics. Circuit theory i a large complex circuits simplify circuit analysis circuit theorems. Resistors in series and parallel resistors in series. What is the current through, voltage across and power dissipated by the 300. Total power in a circuit at any instant is must be zero. In parallel circuits, this equivalent resistance is always smaller than any of the original resistors. Introduction to dc circuits electric voltage and current. Meters in circuits current is measured with an ammeter an ammeter is wired in series with the circuit element or section of the circuit being examined. Electrochemistry combining chemicals with certain metals causes a. View the circuit as a schematic diagram, or switch to a lifelike view.
Phy 124 dc circuits stony brook physics laboratory manuals. Do all this without the fear of being electrocuted as long as you dont use your computing device in the bath tub. Power, which is defined as the rate at which work is done or energy is used, is measured in watts 1 watt 1 jsec. The schematic diagram is used in all your future work in electricity and electronics. The basic dc circuit is the easiest to understand, so the chapter begins with the basic circuit and from there works into the basic schematic diagram of that circuit.
If you have a dimmer switch, the dimmer is in series with the bulb kinda like a variable resistor and reduces the voltagecurrentbrig. If you plug something in the wall it runs on ac although some devices internally convert the ac. An rc circuit is one containing a resistor r and a capacitor c. Understanding dc circuits covers the first half of a basic electronic circuits theory course, integrating theory and laboratory practice into a single text. Measurements on dc circuits 1 objectives the objective of this experiment is to analyze simple resistive circuits in dc. Detailed background for electrical fields is covered in introductory physics courses phys 2524 at ou so. These vis enable students to examine various scenarios in circuits or control panels and, hence, provide an excellent tool for.
Calculate total resistance of a circuit that contains a mixture of resistors. Volume 3 of 4 module 7 basic ac theory this module describes the basic concepts of alternating current ac electrical circuits and discusses the associated terminology. Chapter 26 directcurrent and circuits resistors in series and parallel kirchhoffs rules electric measuring instruments rc circuits. Tippens, professor of physics southern polytechnic state university a powerpoint presentation by. This makes it easier to refer to voltages, since you can generally assume that the 2nd point is ground if it is not explicitly stated. Physics 202, lecture 20 todays topics ac circuits with ac source resistors, capacitors and inductors in ac circuit rlc series in ac circuit impedance resonances in series rlc circuit ac circuit. The post is tagged and categorized under in bsc physics, education news tags.
Chapter 26 dc circuits young and freedman univ physics 12th ed. This is the post on the topic of the bsc physics dc circuits notes pdf download. Junction rule sum of currents entering any junction must equal the sum of the currents leaving that junction. Directcurrent circuits department of physics and astronomy. Electrical circuits often contain one or more resistors grouped together and attached to an energy source, such as a battery. There are two types of circuits series circuits and parallel circuits. We do consider what happens when capacitors are connected to dc voltage sources, but the interaction of capacitors and other nonresistive devices with ac is left for a later chapter. Physics 251 dc circuits lab 1 fall 2002 physics 251 laboratory dc circuits i. This laboratory manual is intended for use in a dc electrical circuits course and is appropriate for two and four year electrical engineering technology curriculums. Chapter 28a direct current circuits a powerpoint presentation by paul e. Add resistors, light bulbs, wires and ammeters to build a circuit, explore ohms law.
A dc circuit has current flowing in only one direction and is usually powered by a battery. Physics 231 lecture 625 fall 2008 rc circuits up until now we have assumed that the emfs and resistances are constant in time so that all potentials, currents, and powers are constant in time however, whenever we have a capacitor that is being charged or discharged this is not the case now consider a circuit that consists of a source of emf, a. Resistance decreases and current increases as resistors are added in parallel to a source of constant voltage. It is a very good practice to never touch live circuit elements. Physics 231 lecture 62 fall 2008 resistors in series and parallel as with capacitors, resistors are often in series and parallel configurations in circuits series parallel the question then is what is the equivalent resistance. Jan 19, 2020 this topic covers dc circuits of a level physics. For more content related to this post you can click on labels link. The above dc circuit consists of the voltage source and resistance with a specific current flow. The superposition principle states that the voltage across or current through an element in a linear circuit is the algebraic sum of the voltages across or currents through that element due to each independent source acting alone. William gilbert 15441603 objectives to learn the use of several types of electrical measuring instruments in dc circuits. Module 6 dc motors this module describes the types of dc motors and includes discussions of speed control, applications, and load characteristics.
Ac circuits 3 solving for the current and using eq. Others, such as those used in supercomputers, are extremely complex. Circuits containing inductors will behave differently from a simple resistance circuit. This makes it easier to refer to voltages, since you can generally assume that the 2nd point is ground if. Ap physics electric circuits, dc circuits are classified by the type of path that the electricity follows as it goes around the circuit. Chapter 27 questions 1, 3, 5 chapter 27 problems 7, 19, 49. Rc circuits circuits that have both resistors and capacitors. This collection of modules takes the topic of electric circuits a step beyond simple circuits. The dc source allows the electricity or current to flow with an unvarying polarity that doesnt change with time. They facilitate students ability to a track the change in electric potential difference and current around a circuit, b combine potential difference.
Series and parallel connections will be explored as well as the resistance properties of. The capacitor is an electrical component that houses electric charge. Circuits are driving an unprecedented rate of change in how we live. The manual contains sufficient exercises for a typical 15 week course using a two to three hour practicum period. Any switch in your house that controls a single bulb is a series circuit. Dc electrical circuits consist of a source of dc electricity with a conducting wire going from one of the terminals to a set of electrical devices and then back to the other terminal, in a complete circuit. In this atom, we will study how a series rc circuit behaves when connected to a dc voltage source. Physics 126 laboratory manual 37 experiment 7 dc circuits and instruments look for knowledge not in books but in things themselves.